Formal analytical reports replace memos when the topic requires a longer discussion, and they typically lead to recommendations. They include a title page, table of contents, a system of headings, and a list of references or works cited. Analytical report readers want to know information about an issue, what conclusions they should draw, and what they should do about the issue.
When constructing your report, you should always consider your audience and your purpose. Formal reports are almost always written for decision makers, and the purpose will be centered around that audience.
Workplace problem solving will oftentimes involve three parts: casual analysis, comparative analysis, and feasibility analysis. Casual analysis reveals a problem at its source, while comparative analysis rates competing items on specific criteria. Lastly, feasibility analysis will assess the practicality of an idea or plan. It is also possible to combine analysis types.
An effective analysis will often possess the same elements. Your analysis will have a clearly identified problem or purpose-- using words like "examine" or "evaluate" will let your audience know exactly what your report will be about. You should include adequate but not excessive data; your audience will dictate how much data is too much. Your data should also be accurate and balanced. Make sure that your data is fully interpreted as well-- this explains the significance of your data and the meaning of your evidence. You shouldn't let any bias cloud your evidence or arguments as well. Visuals should also be used generously, accompanying each with a fully interpreted explanation. It's best to offer valid conclusions and recommendations. A valid conclusion is based off of logic from accurate interpretations, and your recommendation tells the audience what exactly they should do. Self-assessment is also critical when you are working on a report, because the more you are involved in something, the larger your stake is in its outcome. This means that its important your report is excellent!
Your finished report will also depend upon a properly done outline. Like stated in earlier blogs, your outline will include an introduction (definition and background of the problem, description of the problem, purpose and scope of the inquiry, and the conclusions of the inquiry), body paragraphs (definition, findings, and interpretations of several topics and subtopics), and a conclusion (review of major findings, overall judgement, a course of action, and a call to action).
Formal reports will also include front and end supplements. Front matter could be a letter of transmittal, title page, table of contents, list of tables and figures, and an abstract or executive summary. End matter can include a glossary, appendices, and a references or works cited list.
Group Discussion Question: How would you go about combined different types of analyses? And in what situations would you need to combine analyses?
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